Repositioning Candidate Details
| Candidate ID: | R0057 |
| Source ID: | DB00214 |
| Source Type: | approved |
| Compound Type: | small molecule |
| Compound Name: | Torasemide |
| Synonyms: | |
| Molecular Formula: | C16H20N4O3S |
| SMILES: | CC(C)NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C1=C(NC2=CC=CC(C)=C2)C=CN=C1 |
| Structure: |
|
| DrugBank Description: | Torasemide is a high-ceiling loop diuretic.[A174463] Structurally, it is a pyridine-sulfnyl urea used as an antihypertensive agent.[A319] On the FDA records, torasemide was developed and first introduced by the company Teva Pharmaceuticals and FDA approved in 2002.[L5248] However, torasemide was first approved for clinical use by the FDA on 1993.[L5257] |
| CAS Number: | 56211-40-6 |
| Molecular Weight: | 348.42 |
| DrugBank Indication: | Torasemide is indicated for the treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure, renal or hepatic diseases. From this condition, it has been observed that torasemide is very effective in cases of kidney failure.[FDA label] Edema is considered when swelling is observed due to the trap of fluid in the body tissue. It is mainly located in feet, ankles and legs but it can also be extended to other parts such as face, hands and abdomen or even the whole body.[L5251] As well, torasemide is approved to be used as an antihypertensive agent either alone or in combination with other antihypertensives.[FDA label] Hypertension is defined by the presence of high blood pressure. This is caused by an increase in the amount of blood pumped which in order produces the narrowing of the arteries.[L5254] |
| DrugBank Pharmacology: | It is widely known that administration of torasemide can attenuate renal injury and reduce the severity of acute renal failure. This effect is obtained by increasing urine output and hence, facilitating fluid, acid-base and potassium control.[A174466] This effect is obtained by the increase in the excretion of urinary sodium and chloride.[A174472] Several reports have indicated that torasemide presents a long-lasting diuresis and less potassium excretion which can be explained by the effect that torasemide has on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. This effect is very similar to the effect observed with the administration of combination therapy with [furosemide] and [spironolactone] and it is characterized by a decrease in plasma brain natriuretic peptide and improved measurements of left ventricular function.[A174472] Above the aforementioned effect, torasemide presents a dual effect .in which the inhibition of aldosterone which donates torasemide with a potassium-sparing action.[A174466] Torasemide has been shown to reduce extracellular fluid volume and blood pressure in hypertensive patients suffering from chronic kidney disease. As well, some reports have indicated that torasemide can reduce myocardial fibrosis by reducing the collagen accumulation. This effect is suggested to be related to the decrease in aldosterone which in order has been shown to reduce the production of the enzyme procollagen type I carboxy-terminal proteinase which is known to be overexpressed in heart failure patients.[A174463] |
| DrugBank MoA: | As mentioned above, torasemide is part of the loop diuretics and thus, it acts by reducing the oxygen demand in the medullary thick ascending loop of Henle by inhibiting the Na+/K+/Cl- pump on the luminal cell membrane surface.[A174466] This action is obtained by the binding of torasemide to a chloride ion-binding site of the transport molecule.[L5257] Torasemide is known to have an effect in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system by inhibiting the downstream cascade after the activation of angiotensin II. This inhibition will produce a secondary effect marked by the reduction of the expression of aldosterone synthase, TGF-B1 and thromboxane A2 and a reduction on the aldosterone receptor binding.[A174466, A174472] |
| Targets: | Solute carrier family 12 member 2; Solute carrier family 12 member 1 |
| Inclusion Criteria: |
| Strategy ID | Strategy | Synonyms | Related Targets | Related Drugs |
|---|
| Diseases ID | DO ID | Disease Name | Definition | Class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I02 | 1184 | nephrotic syndrome | "A nephrosis characterized by marked increase in glomerular protein permeability resulting in marked elevation of urine protein levels, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and hypercoagulability." [url:https\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephrotic_syndrome, url:https\://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/kidney-disease/nephrotic-syndrome-adults] | Details |