Investigational Drug Details
| Drug ID: | D432 |
| Drug Name: | Vildagliptin |
| Synonyms: | |
| Type: | small molecule |
| DrugBank ID: | DB04876 |
| DrugBank Description: | Vildagliptin, previously identified as LAF237, is a new oral anti-hyperglycemic agent (anti-diabetic drug) of the new dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor class of drugs. Vidagliptin subsequently acts by inhibiting the inactivation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) by DPP-4. This inhibitory activity ultimately results in a two-fold action where GLP-1 and GIP are present to potentiate the secretion of insulin by beta cells and suppress glucagon secretion by alpha cells in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. It is currently in clinical trials in the U.S. and has been shown to reduce hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus. While the drug is still not approved for use in the US, it was approved in Feb 2008 by European Medicines Agency for use within the EU and is listed on the Australian PBS with certain restrictions. |
| PubChem ID: | 6918537 |
| CasNo: | 274901-16-5 |
| Repositioning for NAFLD: | Yes |
| SMILES: | OC12CC3CC(C1)CC(C3)(C2)NCC(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C#N |
| Structure: |
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| InChiKey: | SYOKIDBDQMKNDQ-XWTIBIIYSA-N |
| Molecular Weight: | 303.3993 |
| DrugBank Targets: | Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 |
| DrugBank MoA: | Vildagliptin inhibits dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). This in turn inhibits the inactivation of GLP-1 by DPP-4, allowing GLP-1 to potentiate the secretion of insulin in the beta cells. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4's role in blood glucose regulation is thought to be through degradation of GIP and the degradation of GLP-1. |
| DrugBank Pharmacology: | Vildagliptin belongs to a class of orally active antidiabetic drugs (DPP-IV inhibitors) that appear to have multiple functional benefits beyond simple blood-glucose control. One of these is a potential protective effect on pancreatic beta cells, which deteriorate in diabetes. Vildagliptin appears to be safe, very well tolerated, and efficacious. Following a meal, gut incretin hormones are released. The most important incretin hormones are GLP-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). These hormones, secreted in the human small intestine, are responsible for insulin release due to increased glucose levels. In contrast to agents that promote insulin secretion via glucose-independent mechanisms, GLP-1's dependence on glucose concentration is considered beneficial due to a lower risk of hypoglycemia. GLP-1 also inhibits glucagon secretion and increases beta cell mass by stimulating proliferation and neogenesis. However, the clinical utility of GLP-1 is limited by its short half-life (2 minutes). GLP-1 is rapidly degraded by the proteolytic enzyme DPP-IV. To enhance GLP-1 activity, inhibition of the DPP-IV enzyme is emerging as a novel therapeutic approach in the treatment of diabetes. Administration of vildagliptin enhances GLP-1's ability to produce insulin in response to elevated concentrations of blood glucose, inhibit the release of glucagon following meals, slow the rate of nutrient absorption into the bloodstream, slow the rate of gastric emptying, and reduce food intake. |
| DrugBank Indication: | Used to reduce hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus. |
| Targets: | |
| Therapeutic Category: | |
| Clinical Trial Progress: | |
| Latest Progress: |
| Trial ID | Source ID | Phases | Status | Study Results | Start Date | Last Update Posted | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L4505 | NCT01628341 | COMPLETED | NO | 2012-05 | 2017-01-19 | Details | |
| L4543 | NCT00315718 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | NO | 2002-06 | 2006-04-19 | Details |
| L4549 | NCT02023918 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | YES | 2014-01 | 2017-04-24 | Details |
| L4576 | NCT02625636 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | NO | 2015-12 | 2016-08-23 | Details |
| L4588 | NCT01761318 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | NO | 2013-11 | 2016-05-05 | Details |
| L4613 | NCT02897349 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | YES | 2016-09-30 | 2020-03-25 | Details |
| L4844 | NCT01306214 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | YES | 2011-02 | 2014-06-17 | Details |
| L4928 | NCT05428943 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | NO | 2022-09-27 | 2024-05-03 | Details |
| L4947 | NCT04667143 | PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | NO | 2021-01 | 2020-12-14 | Details |
| L5015 | NCT06789302 | PHASE2 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | NO | 2025-06 | 2025-01-23 | Details |
| L5287 | NCT00377442 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | NO | 2006-08 | 2016-11-02 | Details |
| L5329 | NCT06721442 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | NO | 2023-01-10 | 2024-12-06 | Details |
| L5400 | NCT01650259 | COMPLETED | YES | 2012-07-23 | 2019-09-18 | Details | |
| L5504 | NCT01768559 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | YES | 2013-01 | 2017-01-04 | Details |
| L5521 | NCT00515099 | PHASE2 | TERMINATED | YES | 2007-08 | 2017-05-11 | Details |
| L5790 | NCT00806585 | PHASE2 | TERMINATED | YES | 2008-12 | 2015-09-21 | Details |
| L5793 | NCT04251156 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | YES | 2020-12-08 | 2024-11-29 | Details |
| L5878 | NCT01215331 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | NO | 2010-08 | 2018-05-03 | Details |
| L6041 | NCT02703350 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | YES | 2016-03 | 2020-06-17 | Details |
| L6095 | NCT00846716 | UNKNOWN | NO | 2008-03 | 2009-02-19 | Details | |
| L6107 | NCT00418522 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | YES | 2007-03 | 2018-09-28 | Details |
| L6118 | NCT04053959 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | NO | 2019-09-27 | 2020-07-27 | Details |
| L6147 | NCT06630585 | PHASE3 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | NO | 2024-11 | 2024-10-18 | Details |
| L6289 | NCT01917656 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | YES | 2014-01-09 | 2017-08-24 | Details |
| L6349 | NCT04409587 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | NO | 2018-04-12 | 2021-02-24 | Details |
| L6370 | NCT03021187 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | YES | 2017-02-02 | 2020-03-02 | Details |
| L6446 | NCT01377961 | WITHDRAWN | NO | 2010-09 | 2015-06-26 | Details | |
| L6977 | NCT03167411 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | YES | 2017-05-24 | 2021-05-28 | Details |
| L7225 | NCT03033433 | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | NO | 2016-10 | 2018-10-16 | Details |
| L7281 | NCT00099853 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | NO | 2004-05 | 2020-12-17 | Details |
| L7332 | NCT05642377 | PHASE1 | RECRUITING | NO | 2022-11-22 | 2024-03-21 | Details |
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