| Drug ID: | D152 |
| Drug Name: | Ciprofloxacin |
| Synonyms: |
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| Type: | small molecule |
| DrugBank ID: |
DB00537
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| DrugBank Description: |
Ciprofloxacin is a second generation fluoroquinolone that has spawned many derivative antibiotics.[A178870] It is formulated for oral, intravenous, intratympanic, ophthalmic, and otic administration for a number of bacterial infections.[L6469,L6472,L6475,L6478,L6481,L6484,L6487,L6490,L6493]
The first ciprofloxacin containing product was FDA approved on 22 October 1987.[L6463]
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| PubChem ID: |
2764
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| CasNo: |
85721-33-1
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| Repositioning for NAFLD: |
Yes
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| SMILES: |
OC(=O)C1=CN(C2CC2)C2=CC(N3CCNCC3)=C(F)C=C2C1=O
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| Structure: |
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| InChiKey: |
MYSWGUAQZAJSOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| Molecular Weight: |
331.3415
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| DrugBank Targets: |
DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A; DNA gyrase subunit A; DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha; Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2; DNA gyrase subunit A; DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A; DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit B; DNA gyrase subunit A; Multidrug resistance protein MdtK; Gyrase A; DNA gyrase subunit A
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| DrugBank MoA: |
Ciprofloxacin acts on bacterial topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) and topoisomerase IV.[A178885] Ciprofloxacin's targeting of the alpha subunits of DNA gyrase prevents it from supercoiling the bacterial DNA which prevents DNA replication.[A178876,A178882]
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| DrugBank Pharmacology: |
Ciprofloxacin is a second generation fluoroquinolone that is active against many Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria.[A178870,L6469,L6472,L6475,L6478,L6481,L6484,L6487,L6490,L6493] It produces its action through inhibition of bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV.[A178885] Ciprofloxacin binds to bacterial DNA gyrase with 100 times the affinity of mammalian DNA gyrase.[A178894] There is no cross resistance between fluoroquinolones and other classes of antibiotics, so it may be of clinical value when other antibiotics are no longer effective.[A178894] Ciprofloxain and its derivatives are also being investigated for its action against malaria, cancers, and AIDS.[A178885]
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| DrugBank Indication: |
Ciprofloxacin is only indicated in infections caused by susceptible bacteria.[L6469,L6472,L6475,L6478,L6481,L6484,L6487,L6490,L6493]
Ciprofloxacin immediate release tablets, oral suspensions, and intravenous injections are indicated for the treatment of skin and skin structure infections, bone and joint infections, complicated intra-abdominal infections, nosocomial pneumonia, febrile neutropenia, adults who have inhaled anthrax, plague, chronic bacterial prostatitis, lower respiratory tract infections including acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, urinary tract infections, complicated urinary tract infections in pediatrics, complicated pyelonephritis in pediatrics, and acute sinusitis.[L6481,L6478]
A ciprofloxacin otic solution and otic suspension with hydrocortisone are indicated for acute otitis externa.[L6469,L6484] Ciprofloxacin suspension with dexamethasone is indicated for acute otitis media in pediatric patients with tympanostomy tubes or acute otitis externa.[L6490] A ciprofloxacin intratympanic injection is indicated for pediatric patients with bilateral otitis media with effusion who are having tympanostomy tubes placed or pediatric patients 6 months or older with acute otitis externa.[L6493]
A ciprofloxacin eye drop is indicated for bacterial corneal ulcers and conjunctivitis.[L6472] A ciprofloxacin eye ointment is indicated for bacterial conjunctivitis.[L6475]
A ciprofloxacin extended release tablet is indicated for uncomplicated urinary tract infections, complicated urinary tract infections, and acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis.[L6487]
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