Investigational Drug Details
| Drug ID: | D258 |
| Drug Name: | Ethanol |
| Synonyms: | |
| Type: | small molecule |
| DrugBank ID: | DB00898 |
| DrugBank Description: | A clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bactericidal activity and is used often as a topical disinfectant. It is widely used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations as well as serving as the primary ingredient in alcoholic beverages. |
| PubChem ID: | 702 |
| CasNo: | 64-17-5 |
| Repositioning for NAFLD: | Yes |
| SMILES: | CCO |
| Structure: |
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| InChiKey: | LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| Molecular Weight: | 46.0684 |
| DrugBank Targets: | Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1; Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A; Glycine receptor subunit alpha-1; Glycine receptor subunit alpha-2; Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1; 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A; Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2; Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-10; Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C; Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5; Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4; Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3; Glutamate receptor 1; Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-1 subunit; Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-2; Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6; Glutamate receptor 2; Glutamate receptor 4; Glutamate receptor 3; Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4; Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 1; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 2; Vascular cell adhesion protein 1; Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 4; Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7; Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-9; Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1; Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3; Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2; Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S; Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D; Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-4; Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-3; Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-5; Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-6; Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-3; Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1; Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3; Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon; Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi; Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta; Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta; Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 2; 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3E; 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3B; 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3D; 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3C; Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 3; Neural cell adhesion molecule L1; Acetylcholinesterase; Alcohol dehydrogenase class 4 mu/sigma chain |
| DrugBank MoA: | Ethanol affects the brain’s neurons in several ways. It alters their membranes as well as their ion channels, enzymes, and receptors. Alcohol also binds directly to the receptors for acetylcholine, serotonin, GABA, and the NMDA receptors for glutamate. The sedative effects of ethanol are mediated through binding to GABA receptors and glycine receptors (alpha 1 and alpha 2 subunits). It also inhibits NMDA receptor functioning. In its role as an anti-infective, ethanol acts as an osmolyte or dehydrating agent that disrupts the osmotic balance across cell membranes. |
| DrugBank Pharmacology: | Alcohol produces injury to cells by dehydration and precipitation of the cytoplasm or protoplasm. This accounts for its bacteriocidal and antifungal action. When alcohol is injected in close proximity to nerve tissues, it produces neuritis and nerve degeneration (neurolysis). Ninety to 98% of ethanol that enters the body is completely oxidized. Ethanol is also used as a cosolvent to dissolve many insoluble drugs and to serve as a mild sedative in some medicinal formulations. Ethanol also binds to GABA, glycine, NMDA receptors and modulates their effects. Ethanol is also metabolised by the hepatic enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase. |
| DrugBank Indication: | For therapeutic neurolysis of nerves or ganglia for the relief of intractable chronic pain in such conditions as inoperable cancer and trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux), in patients for whom neurosurgical procedures are contraindicated. |
| Targets: | |
| Therapeutic Category: | |
| Clinical Trial Progress: | |
| Latest Progress: |
| Trial ID | Source ID | Phases | Status | Study Results | Start Date | Last Update Posted | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L3740 | NCT04267601 | UNKNOWN | NO | 2017-07-06 | 2021-04-29 | Details | |
| L3968 | NCT03703869 | COMPLETED | NO | 2018-03-06 | 2022-04-25 | Details | |
| L4016 | NCT01564550 | COMPLETED | NO | 2012-11 | 2014-12-09 | Details | |
| L5442 | NCT02849899 | PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | NO | 2018-10-26 | 2022-08-02 | Details |
| L6017 | NCT01799850 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | NO | 2002-03 | 2013-02-27 | Details |
| L6413 | NCT01035528 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | NO | 2005-04 | 2009-12-18 | Details |
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