Investigational Drug Details
| Drug ID: | D348 |
| Drug Name: | Ciclopirox |
| Synonyms: | |
| Type: | small molecule |
| DrugBank ID: | DB01188 |
| DrugBank Description: | Ciclopirox olamine (used in preparations called Batrafen, Loprox, Mycoster, Penlac and Stieprox) is a synthetic antifungal agent for topical dermatologic treatment of superficial mycoses. In particular, the agent is especially effective in treating Tinea versicolor. |
| PubChem ID: | 2749 |
| CasNo: | 29342-05-0 |
| Repositioning for NAFLD: | Yes |
| SMILES: | CC1=CC(=O)N(O)C(=C1)C1CCCCC1 |
| Structure: |
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| InChiKey: | SCKYRAXSEDYPSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| Molecular Weight: | 207.2689 |
| DrugBank Targets: | Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1 |
| DrugBank MoA: | Unlike antifungals such as itraconazole and terbinafine, which affect sterol synthesis, ciclopirox is thought to act through the chelation of polyvalent metal cations, such as Fe<sup>3+</sup> and Al<sup>3+</sup>. These cations inhibit many enzymes, including cytochromes, thus disrupting cellular activities such as mitochondrial electron transport processes and energy production. Ciclopirox also appears to modify the plasma membrane of fungi, resulting in the disorganization of internal structures. The anti-inflammatory action of ciclopirox is most likely due to inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase. ciclopirox may exert its effect by disrupting DNA repair, cell division signals and structures (mitotic spindles) as well as some elements of intracellular transport. |
| DrugBank Pharmacology: | Ciclopirox is a broad-spectrum antifungal medication that also has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. Its main mode of action is thought to be its high affinity for trivalent cations, which inhibit essential co-factors in enzymes. Ciclopirox exhibits either fungistatic or fungicidal activity in vitro against a broad spectrum of fungal organisms, such as dermatophytes, yeasts, dimorphic fungi, eumycetes, and actinomycetes. In addition to its broad spectrum of action, ciclopirox also exerts antibacterial activity against many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory effects of ciclopirox have been demonstrated in human polymorphonuclear cells, where ciclopirox has inhibited the synthesis of prostaglandin and leukotriene. Ciclopirox can also exhibit its anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the formation of 5-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase. |
| DrugBank Indication: | Used as a topical treatment in immunocompetent patients with mild to moderate onychomycosis of fingernails and toenails without lunula involvement, due to <i>Trichophyton rubrum</i>. |
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