| Outcome Measures: |
Primary: C-Peptide Response to 2-hr MMTT at 24 months post-randomization, The primary objective is to test whether the C-peptide response to a 2-hour mixed meal tolerance test, will be improved in participants with new onset T1D who are treated with Abatacept after Rituximab compared to those participants treated with Rituximab and placebo 24 months after enrollment., 48-months from Day 0 | Secondary: C-peptide AUC Means, C-peptide AUC Mean at 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42 and 48 months using the ANCOVA model., Day 0 and every 6 months to trial end (up to 4 years)|Analysis of changes in immune responses to known diabetes antigens and a neoantigen over time by treatment group, Analysis of changes in immune responses to known diabetes antigens and a neoantigen. The investigators will compare the effects of drug treatments on the titers of autoantibodies: anti-insulin, anti-GAD65, anti-IA-2, anti-ZnT8. The investigators will also compare the effects of drug treatments on the response to Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin (KLH) for which standardized immunological responses have been characterized., Day 0, month 2, 4, 5, 6, 12, 13, 18, 24, 25, 30, and 36
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| Locations: |
Childrens Hospital of Orange County, Orange, California, 92868, United States|Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, 94304, United States|University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94158, United States|Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, Aurora, Colorado, 80045, United States|Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, United States|University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, United States|University of Miami, Maimi, Florida, 33136, United States|Indiana University - Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, United States|The Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Kansas, 64114, United States|Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, 02215, United States|University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, United States|Columbia University, New York, New York, 10032, United States|University of Pittsburg, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, 15224, United States|Sanford Children's Specialty Clinic, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, 57105, United States|Vanderbilt Eskind Diabetes Center, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232, United States|University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, 75390, United States|Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, 98101, United States|Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, Queensland, 4101, Australia|Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, 3050, Australia
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