| Outcome Measures: |
Primary: Change in muscle oxygenation after exercise/stretching training, Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) will measure and record tissue oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, and total hemoglobin., Baseline, Week 12|Change in muscle interstitial pH after exercise/stretching training, Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) will give an estimation of the pH levels within the muscle interstitial space. Muscle interstitial pH markedly decreases during exercise, and is often lower than blood pH with a larger intracellular to interstitial pH gradient. CKD patients may have less ability to buffer pH changes in the interstitial space during exercise. Bicarbonate supplementation may improve muscle interstitial buffering capacity during exercise, and prevent exaggerated reductions in muscle interstitial pH during exercise., Baseline, Week 12|Change in venoconstriction after exercise/stretching training, Dorsal hand vein model will be used to assess vascular alpha-1 adrenergic responsiveness by measuring the degree of venous constriction in response to varying dosages of local phenylephrine (PE) infusion., Baseline, Week 12 | Secondary: Change in Functional Sympatholysis, Functional sympatholysis is determined by measuring the change in forearm oxygenation via near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), and forearm blood flow and conductance using ultrasound, during sympathetic activation induced by lower body negative pressure (LBNP), at rest and during handgrip exercise. NIRS measures and records tissue oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, and total hemoglobin., Baseline, 30 minutes|Change in muscle interstitial pH after handgrip exercise, Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) will give an estimation of the pH levels within the muscle interstitial space. Muscle interstitial pH markedly decreases during exercise, and is often lower than blood pH with a larger intracellular to interstitial pH gradient. CKD patients may have less ability to buffer pH changes in the interstitial space during exercise. Bicarbonate supplementation may improve muscle interstitial buffering capacity during exercise, and prevent exaggerated reductions in muscle interstitial pH during exercise., Baseline, 30 minutes|Change in Venoconstriction after Phenylephrine, Vascular function is measured as venoconstriction after administration of phenylephrine. Dorsal hand vein model will be used to assess vascular alpha-1 adrenergic responsiveness by measuring the degree of venous constriction in response to varying dosages of local phenylephrine (PE) infusion., Baseline, 30 minutes
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