| Outcome Measures: |
Primary: GFR, Changes from baseline following 16-week treatment on renal hemodynamics in both the fasting and postprandial state, measured as GFR (determined by the inulin-clearance technique), 16 weeks|GFR, Changes from baseline following 8-week treatment on renal hemodynamics in both the fasting and postprandial state, measured as GFR (determined by the inulin-clearance technique), 8 weeks | Secondary: Renal tubular function, 24-hour urine sodium-, potassium-, chloride-, calcium-, magnesium-, phosphate-, uric acid-, bicarbonate-, ammonium-, urea- and glucose excretion, urine osmolality and urinary pH, 16 weeks|Renal tubular function, 24-hour urine sodium-, potassium-, chloride-, calcium-, magnesium-, phosphate-, uric acid-, bicarbonate-, ammonium-, urea- and glucose excretion, urine osmolality and urinary pH, 8 weeks|Renal Damage, 24-hour urinary albumin excretion, albumin/creatinine ratio (UCR), 16 weeks|Renal Damage, 24-hour urinary albumin excretion, albumin/creatinine ratio (UCR), 10 weeks|Renal Damage, 24-hour urinary albumin excretion, albumin/creatinine ratio (UCR), 8 weeks|Renal Damage, 24-hour urinary albumin excretion, albumin/creatinine ratio (UCR), 2 weeks|Heart Rate (Dinamap®), Measured using an automated oscillometric blood pressure device (Dinamap®), 16 weeks|Heart Rate (Dinamap®), Measured using an automated oscillometric blood pressure device (Dinamap®), 10 weeks|Heart Rate (Dinamap®), Measured using an automated oscillometric blood pressure device (Dinamap®), 8 weeks|Heart Rate (Dinamap®), Measured using an automated oscillometric blood pressure device (Dinamap®), 2 weeks|Blood Pressure (Dinamap®), Measured using an automated oscillometric blood pressure device (Dinamap®), 16 weeks|Blood Pressure (Dinamap®), Measured using an automated oscillometric blood pressure device (Dinamap®), 10 weeks|Blood Pressure (Dinamap®), Measured using an automated oscillometric blood pressure device (Dinamap®), 8 weeks|Blood Pressure (Dinamap®), Measured using an automated oscillometric blood pressure device (Dinamap®), 2 weeks | Other: Body anthropometrics: Body mass index, Body mass index, 16 weeks|Body anthropometrics: Body mass index, Body mass index, 8 weeks|Body anthropometrics: Body weight, Body weight, 16 weeks|Body anthropometrics: Body weight, Body weight, 8 weeks|Body anthropometrics: Height, Height, 16 weeks|Body anthropometrics: Height, Height, 8 weeks|Body anthropometrics: Waist circumference, Waist circumference, 16 weeks|Body anthropometrics: Waist circumference, Waist circumference, 8 weeks|Body anthropometrics: Hip circumference, Hip circumference, 16 weeks|Body anthropometrics: Hip circumference, Hip circumference, 8 weeks|Body fat content, Body fat content by bioimpedance analysis, 16 weeks|Body fat content, Body fat content by bioimpedance analysis, 8 weeks|Blood pressure (NexFin®), Measured by continuous beat-to-beat hemodynamic monitor (NexFin®), 16 weeks|Blood pressure (NexFin®), Measured by continuous beat-to-beat hemodynamic monitor (NexFin®), 8 weeks|Heart Rate (NexFin®), Measured by continuous beat-to-beat hemodynamic monitor (NexFin®), 16 weeks|Heart Rate (NexFin®), Measured by continuous beat-to-beat hemodynamic monitor (NexFin®), 8 weeks|Stroke Volume, Measured by continuous beat-to-beat hemodynamic monitor (NexFin®), 16 weeks|Stroke Volume, Measured by continuous beat-to-beat hemodynamic monitor (NexFin®), 8 weeks|Cardiac output, Measured by continuous beat-to-beat hemodynamic monitor (NexFin®), 16 weeks|Cardiac output, Measured by continuous beat-to-beat hemodynamic monitor (NexFin®), 8 weeks|Cardiac index, Measured by continuous beat-to-beat hemodynamic monitor (NexFin®), 16 weeks|Cardiac index, Measured by continuous beat-to-beat hemodynamic monitor (NexFin®), 8 weeks|Total systemic vascular resistance, Continuous beat-to-beat hemodynamic monitor (NexFin®), 16 weeks|Total systemic vascular resistance, Continuous beat-to-beat hemodynamic monitor (NexFin®), 8 weeks|Cardiac autonomic nervous system function, Measured by continuous beat-to-beat hemodynamic monitor (NexFin®), 16 weeks|Cardiac autonomic nervous system function, Measured by continuous beat-to-beat hemodynamic monitor (NexFin®), 8 weeks|Microvascular function, Measured by continuous beat-to-beat hemodynamic monitor (NexFin®), 16 weeks|Microvascular function, Measured by continuous beat-to-beat hemodynamic monitor (NexFin®), 8 weeks|Arterial stiffness, Assessed by radial artery applanation tonometry (SphygmoCor®), 16 weeks|Arterial stiffness, Assessed by radial artery applanation tonometry (SphygmoCor®), 8 weeks|Insulin sensitivity (M-value), Derived from the glucose infusion rate during the euglycemic clamp (M-value), 16 weeks|Insulin sensitivity (M-value), Derived from the glucose infusion rate during the euglycemic clamp (M-value), 8 weeks|Insulin sensitivity (OGIS), Meal tolerance test (OGIS), 16 weeks|Insulin sensitivity (OGIS), Meal tolerance test (OGIS), 8 weeks|Insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index), Meal tolerance test (Matsuda index), 16 weeks|Insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index), Meal tolerance test (Matsuda index), 8 weeks|Beta-cell function (insulinogenic index), Meal tolerance test (insulinogenic index), 16 weeks|Beta-cell function (insulinogenic index), Meal tolerance test (insulinogenic index), 8 weeks|Beta-cell function (HOMA-B), HOMA-B, 16 weeks|Beta-cell function (HOMA-B), HOMA-B, 8 weeks|Beta-cell function (ratio of postprandial glucose and C-peptide), Meal tolerance test (ratio of postprandial glucose and C-peptide), 16 weeks|Beta-cell function (ratio of postprandial glucose and C-peptide), Meal tolerance test (ratio of postprandial glucose and C-peptide), 8 weeks|Lipid spectrum, (triglycerides (TG), total-cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), 16 weeks|Lipid spectrum, (triglycerides (TG), total-cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), 8 weeks|DPP-4, DPP-4 activity, 16 weeks|DPP-4, DPP-4 activity, 8 weeks|ACE, ACE activity, 16 weeks|ACE, ACE activity, 8 weeks|HbA1c (%), HbA1c (%), 16 weeks|HbA1c (%), HbA1c (%), 8 weeks|Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L), Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L), 16 weeks|Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L), Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L), 8 weeks|Postprandial plasma glucose (mmol/L), Postprandial plasma glucose (mmol/L), 16 weeks|Postprandial plasma glucose (mmol/L), Postprandial plasma glucose (mmol/L), 8 weeks|Free Fatty Acids (FFA) (mmol/L), Free Fatty Acids (FFA) (mmol/L), 16 weeks|Free Fatty Acids (FFA) (mmol/L), Free Fatty Acids (FFA) (mmol/L), 8 weeks|Insulin (mg/L), Insulin (mg/L), 16 weeks|Insulin (mg/L), Insulin (mg/L), 8 weeks|Glucagon (mg/L), Glucagon (mg/L), 16 weeks|Glucagon (mg/L), Glucagon (mg/L), 8 weeks
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