| Outcome Measures: |
Primary: Composite of Major Renal Events, The major renal events defined in the study include a composite of renal failure (defined as dialysis, transplantation, or a sustained estimated GFR of \<15 ml per minute per 1.73 m 2), or serum creatinine level \>3.3 mg/dl, or a doubling of the serum creatinine level）and proteinuria progression（defined as:uACR ≥30 mg/gCr if baseline uACR\< 30 mg/gCr; uACR ≥300 mg/gCr if baseline uACR is between 30 to 300 mg/gCr. ）, From date of randomization until the date of first documented incidence of the major renal events prespecified, whichever comes first, assessed up to 60 months | Secondary: renal failure, dialysis, transplantation, or a sustained estimated GFR of \<15 ml per minute per 1.73 m 2), or serum creatinine level \>3.3 mg/dl, or a doubling of the serum creatinine level, From date of randomization until the date of first documented incidence of the major renal events prespecified, whichever comes first, assessed up to 60 months|proteinuria progression, uACR ≥30 mg/gCr if baseline uACR\< 30 mg/gCr; uACR ≥300 mg/gCr if baseline uACR is between 30 to 300 mg/gCr., From date of randomization until the date of first documented incidence of the major renal events prespecified, whichever comes first, assessed up to 60 months|proteinuria reversion, uACR \<30mg/gCr if baseline uACR is between 30 to 300 mg/gCr., From date of randomization until the date of first documented incidence of the major renal events prespecified, whichever comes first, assessed up to 60 months|cardiovascular-cause mortality, Cardiovascular death include death caused by stroke, MI, HF, sudden death or any other death attributed to cardiovascular diseases. Sudden death (ICD-Code I46.1, R96) encompasses any death of unknown origin occurring instantly or within an estimated 24 hours after the onset of acute symptoms as well as unattended death for which no likely cause can be established by autopsy or recent medical history., From date of randomization until the date of first documented incidence of the major renal events prespecified, whichever comes first, assessed up to 60 months|Acute Myocardial Infarction, Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is defined when any one of the following criteria occurs. (1) Detection of a rise and/or fall of cardiac biomarker values, with at least one value above the 99th percentile upper reference limit and with at least one of the following manifestations: symptoms of ischaemia that should have lasted for at least 30 minutes and should not have been responsive to sublingual administration of nitrates; new or presumed new significant ST-segment-T wave changes or new left bundle branch block (LBBB); development of pathological Q waves in the ECG; imaging evidence of new loss of viable myocardium or new regional wall motion abnormality. (2) Identification of an intracoronary thrombus by angiography or autopsy. (3) Cardiac death with symptoms suggestive of myocardial ischaemia and presumed new ischaemic ECG changes or new LBBB, but death occurred before cardiac biomarkers were obtained, or before cardiac biomarker values would be increased., From date of randomization until the date of first documented incidence of the major renal events prespecified, whichever comes first, assessed up to 60 months|Hospitalization of Congestive Heart Failure, Congestive heart failure (HF) requires the presence of three conditions, namely symptoms, such as dyspnea, clinical signs, such as ankle edema or crepitations, and the necessity to initiate treatment with open-label diuretics, vasodilators or antihypertensive drugs. HF cases may also be adjudicated as chronic stable HF but this is not considered an outcome of the present study., From date of randomization until the date of first documented incidence of the major renal events prespecified, whichever comes first, assessed up to 60 months|Hospitalization of Unstable Angina, Unstable angina is defined as new onset or worsening angina pectoris requiring hospitalization with angiographically documented coronary atherosclerosis or transient electrocardiographic changes of the ST-segment or T-wave without evidence for myocardial necrosis. This diagnosis excludes patients with angina pectoris admitted to the hospital only for investigation., From date of randomization until the date of first documented incidence of the major renal events prespecified, whichever comes first, assessed up to 60 months|All-cause Mortality, All-cause mortality refers to death from any causes., Time Frame: From date of randomization until the date of death from any causes, assessed up to 60 months.|Diabetic Retinopathy Requiring Interventional Operation or Surgery, Diabetic retinopathy requiring interventional operation or surgery is defined as the confirmed diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy, indicated for interventional operation or surgery, which is documented by ophthalmologists., Time Frame: From date of randomization until the date of death from any causes, assessed up to 60 months.|Peripheral Arterial Diseases Requiring Revascularization, Peripheral arterial diseases requiring revascularization are defined as the confirmed diagnosis of any one of the peripheral arterial diseases indicated for revascularization., Time Frame: From date of randomization until the date of death from any causes, assessed up to 60 months.|New Atrial Fibrillation or Flutter, Atrial fibrillation or flutter is confirmed and documented with electrocardiogram indicating the occurence of atrial fibrillation or flutter. New development of atrial fibrillation or flutter is defined only if a participant at baseline has no history of and his or her electrocardiogram shows no signs of atrial fibrillation or flutter., Time Frame: From date of randomization until the date of death from any causes, assessed up to 60 months.|Cancer, Cancer defined in the present study is recorded only when there is pathologically confirmed evidence., Time Frame: From date of randomization until the date of death from any causes, assessed up to 60 months.
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