Investigational Drug Details
| Drug ID: | D315 |
| Drug Name: | Amoxicillin |
| Synonyms: | |
| Type: | small molecule |
| DrugBank ID: | DB01060 |
| DrugBank Description: | A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to ampicillin except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration. Amoxicillin is commonly prescribed with clauvanic acid (a beta lactamase inhibitor) as it is susceptible to beta-lacatamase degradation. |
| PubChem ID: | 33613 |
| CasNo: | 26787-78-0 |
| Repositioning for NAFLD: | Yes |
| SMILES: | [H][C@]12SC(C)(C)[C@@H](N1C(=O)[C@H]2NC(=O)[C@H](N)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1)C(O)=O |
| Structure: |
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| InChiKey: | LSQZJLSUYDQPKJ-NJBDSQKTSA-N |
| Molecular Weight: | 365.404 |
| DrugBank Targets: | NA |
| DrugBank MoA: | Amoxicillin binds to penicillin-binding protein 1A (PBP-1A) located inside the bacterial cell well. Penicillins acylate the penicillin-sensitive transpeptidase C-terminal domain by opening the lactam ring. This inactivation of the enzyme prevents the formation of a cross-link of two linear peptidoglycan strands, inhibiting the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cell lysis is then mediated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes such as autolysins; it is possible that amoxicllin interferes with an autolysin inhibitor. |
| DrugBank Pharmacology: | Amoxicillin is a moderate-spectrum antibiotic active against a wide range of Gram-positive, and a limited range of Gram-negative organisms. Compared to its peers within the class of beta-lactam antibiotics, amoxicillin is often selected for use because it tends to demonstrate better absorption after oral administration. Amoxicillin is susceptible to degradation by β-lactamase-producing bacteria, and so may be given with clavulanic acid to increase its susceptability. The incidence of β-lactamase-producing resistant organisms, including <i>E. coli</i>, appears to be increasing. Amoxicillin is sometimes combined with clavulanic acid, a β-lactamase inhibitor, to increase the spectrum of action against Gram-negative organisms, and to overcome bacterial antibiotic resistance mediated through β-lactamase production. |
| DrugBank Indication: | For the treatment of infections of the ear, nose, and throat, the genitourinary tract, the skin and skin structure, and the lower respiratory tract due to susceptible (only b-lactamase-negative) strains of <i>Streptococcus</i> spp. (a- and b-hemolytic strains only), <i>S. pneumoniae</i>, <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp., <i>H. influenzae</i>, <i>E. coli</i>, <i>P. mirabilis</i>, or <i>E. faecalis</i>. Also for the treatment of acute, uncomplicated gonorrhea (ano-genital and urethral infections) due to <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> (males and females). |
| Targets: | |
| Therapeutic Category: | |
| Clinical Trial Progress: | |
| Latest Progress: |
| Trial ID | Source ID | Phases | Status | Study Results | Start Date | Last Update Posted | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L3300 | NCT00886366 | PHASE1 | TERMINATED | NO | 2009-04 | 2010-12-07 | Details |
| L3349 | NCT00706017 | COMPLETED | NO | 2007-09 | 2016-10-28 | Details | |
| L4909 | NCT02501850 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | NO | 2014-10 | 2015-07-21 | Details |
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