| Outcome Measures: |
Primary: Serum BNP level with and without DPP-4 inhibitor use., In the outpatient arm, changes in serum BNP level measured 1 month after suspension of DPP-4 inhibitor, and 1month after resumption of the DPP-4 inhibitor will be analyzed. In the hospitalization arm, serum BNP before and 2-3 days after the initiation of DPP-4 inhibitor will be measured and compared., 3 days to 2 months | Secondary: All cause mortality, Any deaths during the study period. (only for the outpatient arm), 2 months|Cardiovascular death, Any cardiovascular deaths during the study period. (only for the outpatient arm), 2 months|Heart failure hospitalization, Any hospitalization due to worsening of heart failure during suspension of or within 1month after resumption of taking a DPP-4 inhibitor. (only for the outpatient arm), 2 months|Worsening heart failure, Worsening of heart failure after the initiation of DPP-4 inhibitor. (only for the hospitalization arm), 3 days|Echocardiographic measures (Changes in echocardiographic measures during the study period.), 3 days to 2 months|Other neurohormonal factors (Changes in plasma renin, aldosterone, serum stromal cell-derived factor 1 alpha, serum active glucagon-like peptide-1, serum active glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptid), Changes in plasma renin, aldosterone, serum stromal cell-derived factor 1 alpha, serum active glucagon-like peptide-1, serum active glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide during the study period., 3 days to 2 months
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