Investigational Drug Details
| Drug ID: | D023 |
| Drug Name: | Glycine |
| Synonyms: | |
| Type: | small molecule |
| DrugBank ID: | DB00145 |
| DrugBank Description: | A non-essential amino acid. It is found primarily in gelatin and silk fibroin and used therapeutically as a nutrient. It is also a fast inhibitory neurotransmitter. |
| PubChem ID: | 750 |
| CasNo: | 56-40-6 |
| Repositioning for NAFLD: | Yes |
| SMILES: | NCC(O)=O |
| Structure: |
|
| InChiKey: | DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| Molecular Weight: | 75.0666 |
| DrugBank Targets: | 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrial; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific, mitochondrial; Glycine--tRNA ligase; Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A; Bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase; N-arachidonyl glycine receptor; Glutathione synthetase; Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C; Serine hydroxymethyltransferase; Glycine N-acyltransferase; Serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial; Glycine N-acyltransferase-like protein 2; Glycine N-acyltransferase-like protein 1; Alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial; Peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase; Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B; Glycine receptor subunit alpha-1; Serine--pyruvate aminotransferase; Glycine receptor subunit beta; Serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic; Glycine receptor subunit alpha-3; Glycine receptor subunit alpha-2; Glycine N-methyltransferase; Glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial |
| DrugBank MoA: | In the CNS, there exist strychnine-sensitive glycine binding sites as well as strychnine-insensitive glycine binding sites. The strychnine-insensitive glycine-binding site is located on the NMDA receptor complex. The strychnine-sensitive glycine receptor complex is comprised of a chloride channel and is a member of the ligand-gated ion channel superfamily. The putative antispastic activity of supplemental glycine could be mediated by glycine's binding to strychnine-sensitive binding sites in the spinal cord. This would result in increased chloride conductance and consequent enhancement of inhibitory neurotransmission. The ability of glycine to potentiate NMDA receptor-mediated neurotransmission raised the possibility of its use in the management of neuroleptic-resistant negative symptoms in schizophrenia. <br/>Animal studies indicate that supplemental glycine protects against endotoxin-induced lethality, hypoxia-reperfusion injury after liver transplantation, and D-galactosamine-mediated liver injury. Neutrophils are thought to participate in these pathologic processes via invasion of tissue and releasing such reactive oxygen species as superoxide. In vitro studies have shown that neutrophils contain a glycine-gated chloride channel that can attenuate increases in intracellular calcium and diminsh neutrophil oxidant production. This research is ealy-stage, but suggests that supplementary glycine may turn out to be useful in processes where neutrophil infiltration contributes to toxicity, such as ARDS. |
| DrugBank Pharmacology: | Helps trigger the release of oxygen to the energy requiring cell-making process; Important in the manufacturing of hormones responsible for a strong immune system. |
| DrugBank Indication: | Supplemental glycine may have antispastic activity. Very early findings suggest it may also have antipsychotic activity as well as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. |
| Targets: | |
| Therapeutic Category: | |
| Clinical Trial Progress: | |
| Latest Progress: |
| Trial ID | Source ID | Phases | Status | Study Results | Start Date | Last Update Posted | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L0320 | NCT05432167 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | NO | 2022-04-29 | 2024-08-26 | Details |
| L1315 | NCT05944016 | PHASE3 | RECRUITING | NO | 2024-03-25 | 2024-12-16 | Details |
| L1463 | NCT05540431 | PHASE2|PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | NO | 2022-09-25 | 2022-09-14 | Details |
| L4393 | NCT03794336 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | NO | 2019-06-29 | 2022-04-25 | Details |
| L4429 | NCT01495013 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | NO | 2011-12 | 2016-11-21 | Details |
| Target ID | Target Name | GENE | Action | Class | UniProtKB ID | Entry Name | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T03 | Angiotensin-converting enzyme | ACE | INHIBITOR | Target is a single protein chain | P12821 | ACE_HUMAN | Details |
| T06 | Sulfonylurea receptor 1 | ABCC8 | Target is a single protein chain | Q09428 | ABCC8_HUMAN | Details | |
| T13 | Renin | REN | INHIBITOR | Target is a single protein chain | P00797 | REN_HUMAN | Details |
| T47 | Sialin | SLC17A5 | Target is a single protein chain | Q9NRA2 | SLC17A5_HUMAN | Details | |
| T15 | Steryl-sulfatase | STS | INHIBITOR | Hydrolase | P08842 | STS_HUMAN | Details |
| Strategy ID | Strategy | Synonyms | Related Targets | Related Drugs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S07 | antihypertensive | Anti-fibrosis; Anti-hypertensive; Anti-hypertensive; antihypertensive medications; multidrug combination antihypertensive treatment; empirical addition (or increase in the dose) of an antihypertensive agent of a different class""; Anti-hypertensive; Lifestyle measures; Anti-inflammatory; Improve insulin resistance; Enhance lipid metabolism; Regulating intestinal flora; Anti-hypertensive; Anti-hypertensive; Anti-inflammatory; Anti-fibrosis; Anti-inflammatory; Immunotherapy; Anti-hypertensive; Immunosuppressive treatment; Anti-hypertensive; Anti-hypertensive; Anti-platelet aggregation; other antihypertensive drugs; antihypertensive therapy; Anti-hypertensive; Anti-inflammatory; Anti-hypertensive (standard antihypertensive treatment; intensive antihypertensive treatment); Blood pressure management; Anti-hypertensive; Enhance lipid metabolism; Anti-hypertensive; Enhance lipid metabolism; Anti-platelet aggregation; Improve insulin resistance; Anti-hypertensive; Anti-hypertensive; Anti-oxidative stress; antihypertensives; Lifestyle measures; Anti-hypertensive; Anti-fibrosis; Anti-inflammatory; Anti-hypertensive | ACE; Smad4; PKD1; angiotensin receptor; SGLT2; angiotensin II receptor; mineralocorticoid receptor; ACE | riociguat; sGC stimulators; sGC activators; antihypertensive medications; carvedilol; lercanidipine; enalapril; folic acid; retinoic acid; angiotensin II; antihypertensive drug; Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook F; valsartan; Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors; diuretics; calcium channel blocker; corticosteroid; anti-hypertensive treatment; NSAIDs; naproxen; celecoxib; proton pump inhibitor; non-selective NSAID; selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitor; renin-angiotensin system blockers; antihypertensive agent; cilnidipine; valsartan; RAAS-is; steroids; immunosuppressors; amiloride; hydrochlorothiazide; berberine; Aliskiren; calcium channel blocker; angiotensin II receptor blocker; ARB; Chlorthalidone; Hydrochlorothiazide; Hsub2/subS; NO; Hsub2/subSxa0; xa0; NO; prednisolone; mizoribine; angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ACEI; eculizumab; antihypertensive agents; antithrombotics; antianemics; proton pump inhibitors; allopurinol; rilmenidine; long-term benzodiazepines; anticholinergic drugs; hydroxyzine; Qian Yang Yu Yin Granule; RAAS blockers; other antihypertensive drugs; antihypertensives; antihypertensive classes; antihypertensive therapy; melatonin; RAASi; Aliskiren; ARBs; ACEIs; tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil; furosemide; prednisolone; angiotensin receptor blockers; valsartan; antihypertensive drugs; fosinopril; valsartan; Canagliflozin; sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors; Aspirin; Antihypertensive; Lipid-Lowering Treatment; Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors; angiotensin II receptor blocker; Spironolactone; KBP-5074; captopril; enalaprilate; lisinopril; losartan; valsartan; furosemide; pravastatin; simvastatin; Renin Angiotensin System inhibitors; ACE inhibitors; diuretics; β-blockers; Thiazide diuretics; dihydropyridine calcium-channel blockers; angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; angiotensin receptor blockers; calcium-channel blockers; thiazide-like diuretics; lisinopril; Edarbyclor; azilsartan medoxomil; chlorthalidone; hydrochlorothiazide; aliskiren; ARB; enalapril; non-steroidalanti-inflammatory drugs; antihypertensive treatment; Chlorthalidone; loop diuretics; angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; angiotensin receptor blocker; statin; captopril; tiopronin; active form of dalcetrapib; active metabolite of prasugrel, R-138727; Liuwei Dihuang pills; metformin hydrochloride sustained-release tablets; irbesartan tablets; renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor; type 1 angiotensin II receptor blockade; olmesartan; steroid; immunosuppressive agents; enalapril; corticosteroid treatment; Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors; antihypertensives; GLP-1 receptor analogue; SGLT2-inhibitor; sacubitril/valsartan; valsartan; Sulodexide; liraglutide; enalapril; ACE-I/ARBs; angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin II receptor blockers; labetalol; ACEi; ARB; ARBs | Details |
| Article ID | PMID | Source | Title | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A00001 | 10084598 | J Clin Endocrinol Metab | The hepatic nuclear factor-1alpha G319S variant is associated with early-onset type 2 diabetes in Canadian Oji-Cree. | Details |
| A00041 | 12519862 | J Clin Endocrinol Metab | Two promoter polymorphisms regulating interleukin-6 gene expression are associated with circulating levels of C-reactive protein and markers of bone resorption in postmenopausal women. | Details |
| A00203 | 39828900 | Ren Fail | Direct anastomosis indwelling needle puncture: a rapid and safe transitional hemodialysis access for patients with renal failure. | Details |